]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Mx4rwIVDlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA AimingSomething directing trained direct aim will have aimed will train had trained have trained will have trained has trained trains have directed will have directed train have aimed has directed had directed had aimed aiming training will direct will aim aims directed aimed directs has aimed http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-aim-verb-1 Positioning a projectile launcher so that its missile will hit the intended target. Or perhaps, positioning in the way the user *thinks* will strike the target. May be done by a human user or by an automatic device (as in guided missiles). AimingAProjectileLauncher aiming a projectile launcher A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/FirstOrderCollection" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a> and specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/AimingSomething" class="cyc_term">AimingSomething</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/ShiningVisibleLightOnSomething" class="cyc_term">ShiningVisibleLightOnSomething</a> is an event in which an agent shines <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/VisibleLight" class="cyc_term">VisibleLight</a> onto something, usually so that the object can be seen more clearly. shining ShiningVisibleLightOnSomething seeAlsoURI See Also URI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/seeAlsoURI" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> THING URI)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. AimingSomething directing PurposefulPhysicalAction purposeful composite physical and mental activity The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent" class="cyc_term">CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent</a>s that are performed purposively (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/performedBy" class="cyc_term">performedBy</a>). This collection is the collection-intersection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PurposefulAction" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent" class="cyc_term">CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent</a>. Since each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PurposefulPhysicalAction" class="cyc_term">PurposefulPhysicalAction</a> is also an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent" class="cyc_term">CompositePhysicalAndMentalEvent</a>, each instance has both a mental and a physical component. Driving a car would be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PurposefulPhysicalAction" class="cyc_term">PurposefulPhysicalAction</a> since it involves mental and physical functioning on the part of the performing agent and is done purposively. Crashing a car, conversely, would not normally be an instance (unless the driver purposefully caused the crash). TypicalHumanActivityType-AtLeastOnce typical human activity type at least once The collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/HumanActivity" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a> such that persons typically are involved in (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/actors" class="cyc_term">actors</a>) at least one instance of the activity type in their lifetime. ActionOnObject action on an object A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PhysicalEvent" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a>; the collection of physical events in which some doer acts on an object. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/ActionOnObject" class="cyc_term">ActionOnObject</a> is an action in which both the roles of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/objectActedOn" class="cyc_term">objectActedOn</a> (qq.v.) are filled. Examples include someone typing on a keyboard, a dog scratching itself, and a tornado destroying a building. Non-examples include a person dancing and wind blowing. prettyString Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. AimingSomething directing AimingSomething directing TemporalStuffType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/StuffType" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is itself an instance of <code>COL</code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code>COL</code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/granuleOfTemporalStuff" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TemporalStuffType" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code> (with <code>OBJ2</code> at or above <code>COL</code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code>WALK</code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code>SUBWALK</code> of <code>WALK</code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/granuleOfTemporalStuff" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TakingAStep" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code>SUBWALK</code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/WalkingOnTwoLegs" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TemporalStuffType" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TemporalObjectType" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. type of temporally stuff-like thing