]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. MakingAPhoneCall Mx4rvVjD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CommunicatingByMeansOfFn" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Telephone" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/EstablishingAPhoneLink" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PickingUpATelephoneReceiver" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. will telephone telephones ring will ring phoned have called will have phoned have phoned has called ringing will phone had called rung telephoned phone had rung had telephoned had phoned telephoning will call calls will have telephoned will have called has telephoned has phoned rings phoning has rung telephone have rung have telephoned will have rung call phones rang called http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-call-noun-1 http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-call-verb-28 http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-call-verb-2 making a cellular call The collection of events in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CellularTelephone" class="cyc_term">CellularTelephone</a> is used to make a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. MakingACellularCall A collection of events. In each instance of MakingALocalCall, the caller uses a Telephone to call a number for which no long-distance charges apply. making a local call MakingALocalCall making a sales call MakingASalesPhoneCall Trying to sell something over the telephone. MakingAPhoneCall calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CommunicatingByMeansOfFn" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Telephone" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/EstablishingAPhoneLink" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PickingUpATelephoneReceiver" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. seeAlsoURI See Also URI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/seeAlsoURI" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> <b>THING</b> <b>URI</b>)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/ObjectType" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is not itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>. More precisely, a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TemporalObjectType" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/timeSlices" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <i>not</i> <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/isa" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CalendarYear" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TakingAStep" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CalendarYear" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TakingAStep" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TemporalObjectType" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Date" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Date" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Date" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is <i>not</i> a temporal-object-type. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/TemporalStuffType" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. temporal object type TemporalObjectType LearnedActivityType This is the collection of activities which must first be learned before they can be performed--i.e., before any role which is a specPred of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> can be played. learned activity prettyString Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/prettyString" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. SingleDoerAction A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/SingleDoerAction" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a> is an action which can have only one &quot;doer&quot; (see the predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>). Such actions may be intentional, but they need not be. Most bodily functions (e.g., the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Heartbeating" class="cyc_term">Heartbeating</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Bleeding_TheAction" class="cyc_term">Bleeding_TheAction</a>) belong to specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/SingleDoerAction" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a>, because the only doer of a normal bodily function is the body of a single agent. In order for a type of action (i.e., a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a>) to be a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/SingleDoerAction" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a>, it must be inconsistent to assert, for any instance <code><b>ACT</b></code> of that type of action, both <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> <b>ACT</b> <b>X</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> <b>ACT</b> <b>Y</b>)</code>, where <code><b>X</b></code> and <code><b>Y</b></code> are different. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/SingleDoerAction" class="cyc_term">SingleDoerAction</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Sleeping" class="cyc_term">Sleeping</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Dying" class="cyc_term">Dying</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/AnimalWalkingProcess" class="cyc_term">AnimalWalkingProcess</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/WritingByHand" class="cyc_term">WritingByHand</a>. action with only one performer intelligent agent activity IntelligentAgentActivity A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Action" class="cyc_term">Action</a> (q.v.). Every instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/IntelligentAgentActivity" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgentActivity</a> is an action, each of whose &quot;doers&quot; (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/doneBy" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/animateDoer" class="cyc_term">animateDoer</a>s) is either an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/IntelligentAgent" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a> or a group of such agents (i.e. a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Group" class="cyc_term">Group</a> all of whose members are intelligent agents). Specializations of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/HumanActivity" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Reading" class="cyc_term">Reading</a>. telephone use (UsingAFn Telephone) MakingAPhoneCall calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CommunicatingByMeansOfFn" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Telephone" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/EstablishingAPhoneLink" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PickingUpATelephoneReceiver" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>. MakingAPhoneCall calling The collection of all actions wherein a phone call is made by inputting a multi-digit telephone number to a phone system. It includes both cases where the phone call is 'successful' in the sense that the person whom the caller is trying to contact is contacted, and cases where the call is 'unsuccessful', insofar as the call does not succeed in reaching its intended recipient for any one of a variety of reasons. The call must, however, actually be 'placed'--dialing must be successfully completed. Cases where the full number is not dialed do not count as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a>. The collection includes instances where the call is placed manually, by a human agent picking up a receiver and hitting buttons or dialing a rotary dial, and cases where the call is placed electronically, e.g., via a modem. In cases where an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> is successful for the agent placing the call, the instance will figure as the initiating subevent in an instance of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/CommunicatingByMeansOfFn" class="cyc_term">CommunicatingByMeansOfFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/Telephone" class="cyc_term">Telephone</a>). As a rule, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/MakingAPhoneCall" class="cyc_term">MakingAPhoneCall</a> will consist of a complete 'dialing' and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/EstablishingAPhoneLink" class="cyc_term">EstablishingAPhoneLink</a>. If the placer of the call is human, the instance will usually include an initial act of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/2009/04/07/concept/en/PickingUpATelephoneReceiver" class="cyc_term">PickingUpATelephoneReceiver</a>.