]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. length of a thing with two or more dimensions A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTvT4VOwfEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">Length</a> is the collection of all distances that are lengths of objects (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjbZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">lengthOfObject</a>). Length

Length

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length (SubcollectionOfWithRelationFromTypeFn Distance lengthOfObject PolyDimensionalThing) length of a thing with two or more dimensions distance Distance A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rhywBFkT6EdaAAACgye4oEQ" class="cyc_term">PhysicalQuantity</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a> is the length of a path in space extending from one point to another. In some contexts, for example in the argument 2 position of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjvbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">altitudeAboveSeaLevel</a>, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a> will include directional information. In these contexts, instances can take on positive or negative values. In other contexts, directional information will not matter, and instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a> will only take on non-negative values. See the specialization <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvfM4aJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance_Absolute</a> for measures of distance that necessarily do not include directional information, and thus are always non-negative. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a> may be either a fixed interval, such as the height of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPzXP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WashingtonMonumentInWashingtonDC</a> or the altitude of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjrGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DeadSea</a>, or a range, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViyP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WithinAudibleDistance</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ScalarInterval</a> for more explanation). See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViKt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitOfDistance</a> for the units used by Cyc to measure distances. Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rr-2NGp7sQdidoL5VyxYMGg" class="cyc_term">MeasurableQuantity</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a> is a measurable quantity that is not defined in terms of (i.e. as the product or ratio of) other quantities. For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi3VJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mile</a> 65) and (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjrNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HoursDuration</a> 1) are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a>; but (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkDkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MilesPerHour</a> 65), derived by dividing the former quantity by the latter, is not (cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rU9w69qCIQdiaX7o2wbs-og" class="cyc_term">MultiDimensionalQuantity</a>). Specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjb5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mass</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViApZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Time_Quantity</a>. Each one-dimensional quantity is equal to the result of applying some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ruFr2Fp-7QdiS0NRO_LP5CA" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalUnitOfMeasure</a> (q.v.) to some number or other <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rnVZQSiCmEdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">NumericInterval</a> (or pair of such intervals). If a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a> is multiplied or divided by a numeric-interval, the result is still a one-dimensional quantity; if two one-dimensional quantities that are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r31ZqOrDgQdiBDYcJa-SoRg" class="cyc_term">numericallyComparable</a> (q.v.) are added or subtracted, the result is still a one-dimensional quantity. Conversely, whenever one <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a> is multiplied or divided by another <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a>, the result is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rVQ8MvqCIQdicLoOa1pZefg" class="cyc_term">TwoDimensionalQuantity</a>. Two quantities that are not numerically-comparable cannot be added to or substracted from each other. And when a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a> is multiplied or divided by (or divides) a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rVQ8MvqCIQdicLoOa1pZefg" class="cyc_term">TwoDimensionalQuantity</a>, the result is in many cases a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r-7GRzKCIQdiHEaxh2Wf1-g" class="cyc_term">ThreeDimensionalQuantity</a> (q.v.). See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimitiveOrderedQuantityType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjU7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FundamentalUnitType</a>. one dimensional quantity OneDimensionalQuantity A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">equals</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWKHbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLReformulatorConstant</a> that relates pairs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwE2kWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycLClosedDenotationalTerm</a>s. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTvAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rewriteOf</a> is, in a sense, a "directional" version of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">equals</a>. <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTvAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rewriteOf</a> FAVORED-TERM DISFAVORED-TERM)</code> means that (1) <code>FAVORED-TERM</code> and <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code> denote the same thing, and (2) <code>FAVORED-TERM</code> is deemed worthy of being privileged over <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code> in the following senses: assertions made on <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code> will be propagated to <code>FAVORED-TERM</code>, and whenever possible attempts to reason about <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code> will be transformed into attempts to reason about <code>FAVORED-TERM</code>. The propagated assertions will differ from the original assertions only in that the propagated assertions will be the result of substituting <code>FAVORED-TERM</code> for <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code> wherever <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code> occurs in the original assertions. Note that substitution does not happen in the opposite direction. That is, assertions containing <code>FAVORED-TERM</code> will not propagate to <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code>. One common use of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTvAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rewriteOf</a> is that in which <code>FAVORED-TERM</code> is a syntactically simpler term than <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code>. For example, <code>FAVORED-TERM</code> may contain fewer nested terms that denote <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVxAsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Function_Denotational</a>s than does <code>DISFAVORED-TERM</code>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTvAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rewriteOf</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjxdJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesNavy</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwGGrfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NavyFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVikKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesOfAmerica</a>)) is a good example of this common sort of use. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTvAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rewriteOf</a> expresses a strictly conventional notion of "directional" equality. Pragmatic considerations, not ontology, will dictate which term is chosen to occur as the privileged (left-hand side) term in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTvAxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rewriteOf</a> assertion. Thus, in the example the fact that simpler terms are generally easier to use (remember, manipulate, etc.) dictates that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjxdJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesNavy</a> should be a rewrite of (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwGGrfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NavyFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVikKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">UnitedStatesOfAmerica</a>), and not vice versa. Rewrite Of rewriteOf A collection of collections and a specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimitiveOrderedQuantityType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjZs5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MeasurableScalarIntervalType</a> (qq.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkFnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrimitiveMeasurableQuantityType</a> is a totally-ordered collection of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rUstvYKCIQdiBWaekaRIs-w" class="cyc_term">OneDimensionalQuantity</a> (q.v.). Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjb5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mass</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVicfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Temperature</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkF25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ElectricalCharge</a>. Cf. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVja4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DerivedMeasurableQuantityType</a>. type of fundamental numeric scalar interval PrimitiveMeasurableQuantityType length of a thing with two or more dimensions Length A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTvT4VOwfEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">Length</a> is the collection of all distances that are lengths of objects (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjbZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">lengthOfObject</a>). length of a thing with two or more dimensions Length A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTvT4VOwfEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">Length</a> is the collection of all distances that are lengths of objects (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjbZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">lengthOfObject</a>). wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name length of a thing with two or more dimensions Length A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Distance</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTvT4VOwfEdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">Length</a> is the collection of all distances that are lengths of objects (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjbZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">lengthOfObject</a>).