]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. engineering department EngineeringDepartment <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> consists of employees who are responsible for engineering-related tasks within an organization. engineering departments Marine engineering http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_engineering A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a>, instances of which conduct teaching and research in engineering. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVimNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EngineeringField</a>. engineering department EngineeringAcademicDepartment Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString DepartmentTypeByFunction A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rcFSOrlb3EdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">OrganizationType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rWr20VCJhQdedT87yBOKnOw" class="cyc_term">DepartmentTypeByFunction</a> is a collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a>s (q.v.) whose instances are distinguished by the fact that they perform a certain function for an organization (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkMf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BudgetDepartment</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkLcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ShippingAndReceivingDepartment</a>). See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ruzA89iHNQdeMeqNOqSBq8w" class="cyc_term">DepartmentTypeByOrganization</a>. type of department by function A predicate that is used to make exceptions to constraints normally imposed by some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rk8dxOFcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType</a> (qq.v.). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <b>SETORCOL1</b> <b>SETORCOL2</b>)</code> means that the pair consisting of <code><b>SETORCOL1</b></code> and <code><b>SETORCOL2</b></code> is exempt from the disjointness constraint that would otherwise be imposed because those set-or-collections are both elements of some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rk8dxOFcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType</a>. (See these collections' comments for a full explanation of the constraints.) <p/> For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKTnSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPartType</a>, which in turn is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a>. Consequently, since <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> is not a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a> (or vice versa), the two collections have a default disjointness constraint placed between them. However, such a disjointness constraint should be blocked, since any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjLm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpticNerve</a> is an instance of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a>. By asserting <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a>)</code>, we block the disjointness constraint between those two collections, without disturbing the constraints between each of those collections and all their other (sibling) instances of the parent collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKTnSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPartType</a>. Sibling Disjoint Exceptions siblingDisjointExceptions A collection of sub-organizations. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a> is a major subdivision of an educational institution, with the primary purpose of research and/or teaching related to a particular academic discipline or subject-matter. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkJ4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SchoolInUniversity_DegreeGranting</a>. AcademicDepartment academic department Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a> is a subset of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjVT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Organization</a>. An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a> is a major sub-organization of a business, government, or academic organization. An element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a> is part of the organization to which it belongs, NOT a separate legal entity (such as a partly or wholly owned subsidiary company), and it performs some of the activity of that organization. In Cyc, the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a> includes generically what may be called a division, department, office, bureau, ministry, etc., within an actual organization. Common types of departments include those represented by the subsets <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkMQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalDepartment</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBR5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SecurityDepartment</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBi5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PayrollDepartment</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj6tpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AccountingDepartment</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkL-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanResourcesDepartment</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViWRJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AcademicDepartment</a>, and CustomerServiceDepartment (and many others). Department company department engineering department EngineeringDepartment <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> consists of employees who are responsible for engineering-related tasks within an organization. engineering department EngineeringDepartment <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> consists of employees who are responsible for engineering-related tasks within an organization. engineering department EngineeringDepartment <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Department</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ra57kUACDEdeEDgCgyeeBIg" class="cyc_term">EngineeringDepartment</a> consists of employees who are responsible for engineering-related tasks within an organization. wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name