]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. detective Detective The collection of all detectives. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rmhqfWBlCQdiCBrBiFYJo2w" class="cyc_term">Detective</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a>. detectives Detective http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detective LegalAgent A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViknpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialBeing</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a> is an agent who has some status in a particular legal system. At the very least, such an agent is recognized by some legal authority as having some kinds of rights and/or responsibilities as an agent (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViACJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">citizens</a> of Germany), or as being subject to certain restrictions and penalties (e.g., a company that has been blacklisted by Iraq). Thus, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a> include agents that may have property rights, may be taxed, may have a government identification number, may be sued, may have an address, or may buy or sell. Note that membership in this collection is very much dependent upon context. In some societies, only adult males and various kinds of state-run organizations would be included in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a>. legal agent Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString human A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViV15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HomoGenus</a> and an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjK65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalSpecies</a>: this is the species to which modern humans belong, though strictly speaking (and not entirely uncontroversially amongst paleontologists) they comprise only a subset of it (namely &quot;homo sapiens sapiens&quot;). The species also contains Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon sub-species (both now extinct). Given the evidence of sophisticated tool-use, burial practices etc. even amongst the latter two sub-species, this collection is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rveQoDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanBody</a>. HomoSapiens detective Detective The collection of all detectives. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rmhqfWBlCQdiCBrBiFYJo2w" class="cyc_term">Detective</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a>. Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL PersonWithOccupation The collection of persons who have a (skilled or unskilled) occupation. Most (but not all) instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a> spend a significant part of their waking hours doing activities that are characteristic of their occupations. Typically their actions are performed for pay (but not always: consider a &quot;starving artist&quot; who is unable to sell any of her works). Note that a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a> need not be working over the entire duration of when s/he has an occupation; e.g. college professors on summer break and the temporarily unemployed still have occupations. Most reified specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a> classify workers according to their job titles, the kinds of work they perform, or the skills involved; while a few exploit other (usually quite broad) features of their working lives (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkALJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelfEmployedWorker</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DeskWorker</a>). But note that many collections corresponding to what are colloquially considered professions or occupations (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkBGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lifeguard</a>, <font color="#ff0000">#$StockBroker</font>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViUT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Housekeeper</a>, and many others) are _not_ specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>, as those collections include people for whom the work in question is not their occupation. worker detective Detective The collection of all detectives. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rmhqfWBlCQdiCBrBiFYJo2w" class="cyc_term">Detective</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a>. person A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViknpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialBeing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVilYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndividualAgent</a>: the collection of all persons. Personhood is a vague, emotionally loaded yet extremely salient concept with respect to common-sense reasoning. Something is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> if it is an individual <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a> with perceptual sensibility, capable of complex social relationships, and possessing a certain moral sophistication and an intrinsic moral value, or -- if it lacks certain of these characteristics -- is a member of a distinct type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViknpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialBeing</a> (usually a species) which generally possesses such characteristics and is therefore acknowledged by other members of that type as a person within their social systems. Most currently known instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> but there is no reason why all need be (consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvdRsSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Hobbit</a>s in the fictional world of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi8lZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LordOfTheRings_Trilogy</a>). They need not even be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVim7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BiologicalLivingObject</a> (consider the possibility of a person-like AI). Also note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Person</a> excludes non-human &quot;legal persons&quot;, who are, however, included in the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalAgent</a>. Person detective Detective The collection of all detectives. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rmhqfWBlCQdiCBrBiFYJo2w" class="cyc_term">Detective</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a>. wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name type of profession A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWgxLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByActivity</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> is a collection of workers (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>) and is defined in terms of the kind of work done. The various instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> correspond to jobs of all kinds, and not just to those colloquially called &quot;professions&quot;. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjONJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgrammerProfessional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjkWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FoodServiceEmployee</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwxbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MedicalCareProfessional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwl6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SalesRepresentative</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjilJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Brewer</a>, and many others. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. PersonTypeByOccupation