]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. stealing Stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and <font color="#ff0000">#$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal</font>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or &quot;understanding&quot; that would cover casual &quot;borrowing&quot; from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). have appropriated lift will have purloined have swiped has copped had filched had copped thieves has lifted had lifted have stolen thievery had appropriated pilfered filching have thieved thieved will swipe will have pilfered have purloined has appropriated will have appropriated will have stolen has thieved will have swiped has pilfered have copped swipes had stolen stolen had thieved pilfer purloining purloin theft has stolen lifts cops swiping will pilfer swiped thieve stole filch appropriated thefts have filched cop will thieve pilfers has swiped had pilfered copped will have thieved had purloined steals has purloined will have copped thieving appropriating purloined lifting have lifted will lift copping filched will have lifted had swiped swipe has filched steal lifted will appropriate filches appropriates pilfering will steal will filch will cop purloins will purloin appropriate will have filched have pilfered Theft http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theft http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-hook-verb-5 http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-appropriate-verb-2 stealing of a smuggling nuclear material event (SubcollectionOfWithRelationFromTypeFn Stealing subEvents (SmugglingFn NuclearRelatedMaterial)) stealing inside job The collection of thefts in which a person closely associated with the victim is either the thief or an accessory to the theft. Stealing-InsideJob Stealing-Physical robbing A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. In an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWKkr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing_Physical</a>, the perpetrator is physically at the location with the stolen goods when committing the crime. The perpetrator physically removes the goods. The owner of the goods may or may not be present. Thus, this collection includes all burglaries and stealing of cars from parking lots, as well as robberies and carjackings. In contrast, instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWarQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing_Embezzlement</a> need not be instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWKkr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing_Physical</a>. (CollectionDifferenceFn Stealing Stealing-InsideJob) stealing that is not stealing inside job (SubcollectionOfWithRelationToFn Stealing deviceTypeUsed Automobile) stealing with a car Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString hostile seizure The sub-collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTA-RjiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">TransferOfControl</a> whose instances are also instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a>. As with all instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTA-RjiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">TransferOfControl</a>, the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rQDbZUGxuQdiE_a0da91vrw" class="cyc_term">HostileSeizure</a> require the roles <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rq3HvWiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">losesControl</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpXHk_CDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">takesControl</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rklF5ZCDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">objectOfControlTransfer</a>. However, the instances of this collection are events where the transfer is against the will of the agent who fills the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rq3HvWiDNEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">losesControl</a>. It is important to note that these events are not all instances of <font color="#ff0000">#$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal</font>, though several sub-collections of <font color="#ff0000">#$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal</font> are sub-collections of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rQDbZUGxuQdiE_a0da91vrw" class="cyc_term">HostileSeizure</a>. HostileSeizure A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViN65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a> is a spatially-localized action each of whose &quot;doers&quot; (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>) is either a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> or a group of humans (i.e. a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjmoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Group</a> all of whose members are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> or groups of humans). HumanActivity human activity Stealing stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and <font color="#ff0000">#$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal</font>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or &quot;understanding&quot; that would cover casual &quot;borrowing&quot; from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing). Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> <b>THING</b> <b>URI</b>)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rFHGFQhHcQdeWCoSwYaW_yw" class="cyc_term">itemsStolen</a> THEFT ITEM) says that ITEM was stolen in THEFT, an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. Items Stolen itemsStolen NonNaturalThing The collection of non-natural individuals. This collection is hard to precisely define but, roughly, something is an instance of this collection just in case it is one of the following: 1) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> acts that are intentionally performed by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s, or 2) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>s that in some significant sense &quot;could only have been the result&quot; of the intentional activities of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s (or groups thereof). Positive examples in the first category include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1F75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CesareanBirth</a>s, negative examples include eating. Positive examples in the second category include instances of industrial pollution and tire tracks. Negative examples include human vomit and human (bare) footprints. unnatural thing TemporalObjectType temporal object type A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is not itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>. More precisely, a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <i>not</i> <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is <i>not</i> a temporal-object-type. <p/> See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. Required Actor Slots A typed-specialization (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3W2hJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">typedGenlPreds</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvo8bsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rolesForEventType</a> (q.v.), whose second argument-place is constrained to instances (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvuItPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">argIsa</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwCgF_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">requiredActorSlots</a> EVENTTYPE ACTORSLOT) means that for any instance EVENT of EVENTTYPE, there is some participant ACTOR that fills ACTORSLOT in EVENT (i.e. (ACTORSLOT EVENT ACTOR) holds). For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwCgF_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">requiredActorSlots</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjeiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreationEvent</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWStbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">outputsCreated</a>) means that in any creation event some output is created. requiredActorSlots taking something away poss transfer topic TakingSomethingAway-PossTransfer-Topic wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ryIOUhqKeQdiRffIfC9Y1mA" class="cyc_term">ActTypeCommonlyConsideredCriminal</a> is an action type (i.e. a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>) that many legal systems regard as a type of criminal act. Notable instances of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. act commonly considered criminal ActTypeCommonlyConsideredCriminal A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rHIBS0h_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">FirstOrderCollection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r90rQppPdQdiazLMy6-4kSw" class="cyc_term">ViolatingAnObligation</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a> in which some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi_0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Obligation</a> (moral, legal, etc.) is violated. Two important specializations are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwCCSN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ImmoralAct</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvnndOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IllegalAction</a>. ViolatingAnObligation violating an obligation Stealing stealing A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rLDgW8nm4QdefYcWqNwYIMA" class="cyc_term">GainingControl</a> and <font color="#ff0000">#$ActsCommonlyConsideredCriminal</font>. In each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>, an agent (see the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Agent_PartiallyTangible</a>) takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's permission (and possibly without that agent's knowledge). Note that there may be some cases in which an agent takes something belonging to another agent without that agent's explicit permission that would nevertheless not be categorized as instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. For instance, a pair of agents may have an informal agreement or &quot;understanding&quot; that would cover casual &quot;borrowing&quot; from one another (and thus excuse it from being stealing).