]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a> is an action which is performed with a political objective, and which is intended to be coercive through inducing terror (typically through the threat of future attacks). Historically, the perpetrators of terrorist acts have not considered military targets to be uniformly more legitimate than civilian targets. An important specialization is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>. terrorist act TerroristAct acts of terrorism acts of terror terrorist events terrorist action terrorist incident terrorist actions act of terror terrorist acts act of terrorism terrorist event terrorism terrorist incidents

Terrorism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r6tJwDr4cQdiGZ-qKDOTcqw" class="cyc_term">TerroristPlot</a> is the plotting of some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>. Some instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r6tJwDr4cQdiGZ-qKDOTcqw" class="cyc_term">TerroristPlot</a> are instantiated as instances of either (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwBdWmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttemptingFn</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>) or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>. Some instances never make it past the "plotting" stage. terrorist plot TerroristPlot terrorist act initiated by communication act A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r3rzOeInzEdqAAAACs6hnmQ" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct_InitiatedByCommunicationAct</a> is a terrorist act first set in motion by a communication act addressed to the parties carrying out the act. TerroristAct-InitiatedByCommunicationAct The collection of terrorist operations that consist of multiple terrorist attacks timed to occur near-simulaneoulsy, often (but not necessarily) directed at targets of a similar type. Such operations are a hallmark of <font color="#ff0000">#$AlQaida</font>. CoordinatedMultipleAttackTerrorOperation coordinated multiple terrorist attack MatrixTerroristAct The collection of terrorist acts referenced in the MATRIX.xls. The instances of this collection are acts referenced in the MATRIX.xls for which it is unclear exactly what act is being referred to. For example, row 103 column E in the key for the spreadsheet simply says "Training". Our best guess is that that refers to the temporally discontinuous event of Al Qaida training its operatives. So, a event called "<font color="#ff0000">#$TrainingOfAlQaidaOperatives</font>" was created and made an instance of this collection. matrix terrorist act TerroristAttackOnObject A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvbfzAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackOnObject</a> (qq.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a> is an act perpetrated by a terrorist with the intent of destroying or damaging a person or object in order to further a political objective. Important specializations are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4eA28G9VEdeVmwADR6QijQ" class="cyc_term">CyberTerrorism</a>. terrorist attack on an object A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQr3kpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AttackOnTangible</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4eA28m9VEdeVmwADR6QijQ" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttackOnObject</a> (qq.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a> is an event in which terrorists act with intention of damaging or destroying some structures or people in order to achieve their political objectives. Bombing a building and destroying an oil refinery are exemplars. Taking hostages is not an exemplar of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a> but it is an exemplar of the more general term <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a> (q.v.). terrorist attack TerroristAttack state-sponsored terrorism A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvlzWjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">State_SponsoredTerroristAct</a> is a terrorist act that is sponsored in some way by an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a>. State-SponsoredTerroristAct A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a> is an action which is performed with a political objective, and which is intended to be coercive through inducing terror (typically through the threat of future attacks). Historically, the perpetrators of terrorist acts have not considered military targets to be uniformly more legitimate than civilian targets. An important specialization is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>. terrorist act TerroristAct Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViN65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanActivity</a> is a spatially-localized action each of whose "doers" (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1HmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">doneBy</a>) is either a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> or a group of humans (i.e. a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjmoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Group</a> all of whose members are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> or groups of humans). HumanActivity human activity HostileSocialAction A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVieP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PurposefulAction</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a> is a hostile or pugnacious event, adverse to some agent(s), in which multiple agents, at least one of whom is acting deliberately, take part. Specializations of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViJvJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicallyAttackingAnAgent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjgGZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PoliticalDispute</a>. hostile action A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a> is an action which is performed with a political objective, and which is intended to be coercive through inducing terror (typically through the threat of future attacks). Historically, the perpetrators of terrorist acts have not considered military targets to be uniformly more legitimate than civilian targets. An important specialization is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>. terrorist act TerroristAct Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL CAE analysis topic CAEAnalysisTopic The collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rgQsP1F2xEdif1wACs2IMlQ" class="cyc_term">Topic</a>s that have special support for fact entry in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rsUtZ3AhcEdqAAAACs4vPlg" class="cyc_term">CycAnalyticEnvironment_TheProgram</a>. NonNaturalThing The collection of non-natural individuals. This collection is hard to precisely define but, roughly, something is an instance of this collection just in case it is one of the following: 1) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a> acts that are intentionally performed by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s, or 2) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Individual</a>s that in some significant sense "could only have been the result" of the intentional activities of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s (or groups thereof). Positive examples in the first category include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1F75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CesareanBirth</a>s, negative examples include eating. Positive examples in the second category include instances of industrial pollution and tire tracks. Negative examples include human vomit and human (bare) footprints. unnatural thing localized event A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViADZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvjJE4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event_Localized</a> is the collection of all events that occur at a specific location in space. Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvjJE4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Event_Localized</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjpjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a>. Event-Localized clarifying collection type ClarifyingCollectionType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAzJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Collection</a>. Instances are collections that are usefully invoked for purposes of resolving ambiguity and confusion that arise from the use of non-perspicuous languages. Suppose a human or other intelligent agent uses a language, such as a natural language, that is rife with ambiguity, and uses a word WORD of that language whose intended reference is unclear: in the context WORD might refer to THING1 or to THING2, but not both. One strategy for resolving this ambiguity is to find properties of THING1 and THING2, say P1 and P2, that distinguish them from one another, and ask the speaker whether by "WORD," s/he intended to refer to something with P1, or to something with P2. For example, the speaker might use the word "bank," and in response one might ask whether a financial institution or a piece of shoreline was meant. Clearly, what values of P1 and P2 are chosen cannot be arbitrary; asking whether the speaker meant to refer to a multi-individual agent versus a non-agentive place is not as effective as asking the speaker to choose between the "financial institution" and "shoreline" interpretations described above. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a> just are those collections -- such as the collection of financial institutions -- that might plausibly be invoked to resolve cases of ambiguity of the kind described here. In particular, suppose TYPE1 is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a> and TYPE2 is not, and THING is an instance of both TYPE1 and TYPE2. The fact that (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> TYPE1 <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a>) is a reason to prefer TYPE1 over TYPE2 when calculating possible clarifying properties for THING. wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rHQdVmB_TEdaAAABQ2rksLw" class="cyc_term">SecondOrderCollection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4ryIOUhqKeQdiRffIfC9Y1mA" class="cyc_term">ActTypeCommonlyConsideredCriminal</a> is an action type (i.e. a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a>) that many legal systems regard as a type of criminal act. Notable instances of this collection include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQrtcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Murder</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViMd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Stealing</a>. act commonly considered criminal ActTypeCommonlyConsideredCriminal A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViD4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HostileSocialAction</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAct</a> is an action which is performed with a political objective, and which is intended to be coercive through inducing terror (typically through the threat of future attacks). Historically, the perpetrators of terrorist acts have not considered military targets to be uniformly more legitimate than civilian targets. An important specialization is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFYGEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TerroristAttack</a>. terrorist act TerroristAct