]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Sculpture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a>. Each instance of this collection is a tangible three-dimensional work of art. Buildings are not included, even though sculptural features of buildings (such as friezes) are. Types of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a> include stone statues, friezes, wood carvings, pipes welded into abstract art sculptures, etc. Example instances: the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgEMDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatueOfLiberty</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPzry5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MountRushmoreMonument</a>, Michelangelo's David, the friezes on the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvg_ko5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Parthenon</a>, the Buddhas at Longan. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgDFlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculptor</a>. sculpture sculptures Sculpture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-objet_d_art-noun-1 http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-sculpture-noun-1 sculpture in the round SculptureInTheRound A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a> (q.v.). Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rCnNbHLHiEdmAAAACs71DGQ" class="cyc_term">SculptureInTheRound</a> are sculptures that are fully three-dimensional, in the sense that they are not attached to a background (the base of a statue does not count as a background, by convention), and so are, at least in principle, viewable from any direction. WoodSculpture WoodSculptures as art forms wood sculpture stone sculpture Stone sculptures as art forms. StoneSculpture Jack-O-Lantern jack-o'-lantern The collection of all jack-o'-lanterns. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjdGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Lantern</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPfsTpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HalloweenDecoration</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPftAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Jack_O_Lantern</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. The collection of ornamental sculptures commonly known as gargoyles. gargoyle Gargoyle-Sculpture The collection of sculptures suspended in midair whose delicately balanced parts can be set in motion by air currents. MobileSculpture mobile fountain Fountain-ArtObject The collection of fountains that are also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a>s designed by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgDFlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculptor</a>s or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQxF25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Architect</a>s. Instances are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a>s, in contrast with instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvs83fZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Fountain_Artificial</a> that are commercially produced products. carved work of art The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a>s carved out of stone, wood, metal, etc. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgELj5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Statue</a>s which are assembled from pieces or molded (e.g. the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgEMDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatueOfLiberty</a>) are not instances of this collection. CarvedArtwork Bust-Sculpture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r65cNDLAUEdmAAAACs71DGQ" class="cyc_term">Bust_Sculpture</a> is a sculpture that depicts a human head. bust relief Relief-Sculpture The collection of sculptures whose figures are attached to a background. The enormous baroque bronze <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a> consisting of an ornate canopy supported by four helical columns, covering the main altar of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvkDFvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StPetersBasilica</a> (Rome), by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0kqEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GiovanniBernini_TheSculptor</a>. It includes several statues. Baldacchino-Bernini The Baldacchino The Victory Of Samothrace The famous sculpture, Victoire de Samothrace, nowadays located in the Louvre museum in Paris. VictoryOfSamothrace-Sculpture Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> <b>THING</b> <b>URI</b>)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI Partitioned Into partitionedInto (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj1MJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">partitionedInto</a> SETORCOL PART) means that the mathematical set or collection PART is a partition of the mathematical set or collection SETORCOL; that is, the elements of PART are themselves mathematical sets or collections, and every element of SETORCOL is an element of exactly one element of PART, and every element of PART is a subset of SETORCOL. In other words, PART is a set or collection of pairwise disjoint sets or collections whose union is co-extensional with SETORCOL. Typically, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rk8dxOVcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">DisjointSetOrCollectionType</a> that plays the role of PART in an assertion about partitioning will be a set specified by enumerating its elements, using the function <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvcUeB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ThePartition</a>. Sculpture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a>. Each instance of this collection is a tangible three-dimensional work of art. Buildings are not included, even though sculptural features of buildings (such as friezes) are. Types of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a> include stone statues, friezes, wood carvings, pipes welded into abstract art sculptures, etc. Example instances: the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgEMDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatueOfLiberty</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPzry5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MountRushmoreMonument</a>, Michelangelo's David, the friezes on the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvg_ko5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Parthenon</a>, the Buddhas at Longan. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgDFlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculptor</a>. sculpture type of temporally stuff-like thing TemporalStuffType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code><b>COL</b></code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). <p/> More precisely, for a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> (with <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> at or above <code><b>COL</b></code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code><b>WALK</b></code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> of <code><b>WALK</b></code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. Sculpture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a>. Each instance of this collection is a tangible three-dimensional work of art. Buildings are not included, even though sculptural features of buildings (such as friezes) are. Types of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a> include stone statues, friezes, wood carvings, pipes welded into abstract art sculptures, etc. Example instances: the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgEMDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatueOfLiberty</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPzry5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MountRushmoreMonument</a>, Michelangelo's David, the friezes on the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvg_ko5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Parthenon</a>, the Buddhas at Longan. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgDFlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculptor</a>. sculpture Sculpture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a>. Each instance of this collection is a tangible three-dimensional work of art. Buildings are not included, even though sculptural features of buildings (such as friezes) are. Types of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVis2pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculpture</a> include stone statues, friezes, wood carvings, pipes welded into abstract art sculptures, etc. Example instances: the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgEMDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatueOfLiberty</a>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPzry5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MountRushmoreMonument</a>, Michelangelo's David, the friezes on the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvg_ko5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Parthenon</a>, the Buddhas at Longan. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgDFlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Sculptor</a>. sculpture InformationAndCWs-Topic information and CWs topic work of art A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvdCO4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanAccessibleIBO</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a> is a physical object that is a work, or a reproduction of a work, in one of the representational or plastic arts, such as a painting, sculpture, quilt, or stained glass composition. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a> does not include as instances plays, movies, music, performance art, or other activities. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a> is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj2rJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InformationBearingObject</a>, but its instances need not have any propositional content. Examples of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjHuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArtObject</a> include the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgEMDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StatueOfLiberty</a>, the Mona Lisa, a poster reproduction of Van Gogh's `Starry Night', Rodin's `Burghers of Calais', a piece of Ju ware from the Sung Dynasty, the windows of Chartres Cathedral. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwMcZI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artist</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVipPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">artisticWorksCreated</a>. ArtObject Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString image source StillImageSource either a relief or a sculpture in the round (ThePartition Relief-Sculpture SculptureInTheRound) A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjElJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleThing</a> . Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjPmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SolidTangibleArtifact</a> is a partially tangible artifact that is also a solid. Instances include both solid objects (for example, instances of the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>) as well as portions of stuff in solid form (for example, instances of the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkJCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cloth</a>). SolidTangibleArtifact solid artifact A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwSPlAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HexalateralObject</a> is an object with a well-defined front, back, left, right, top, and bottom. These sides are considered to be intrinsic to the object and do not vary as the object changes position. Any object which is an instance of two different specs of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwAiFbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BilateralObject</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwSPlAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HexalateralObject</a> as a matter of definition -- e.g. if an object's front and back can be distinguished and its left side can be distinguished from its right, then it also has a well-defined bottom and top. See also comments for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwAiFbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BilateralObject</a> and for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvdSKVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FrontAndBackSidedObject</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvrnUJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LeftAndRightSidedObject</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvmLypJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TopAndBottomSidedObject</a>. HexalateralObject hexalateral object wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name