]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. The collection of all laptop computers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOWjt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BatteryPoweredDevice</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonalComputer</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LaptopComputer</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r9Bn5KmkeEdaAAAABAxv-7A" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareDeviceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. laptop computer LaptopComputer laptop laptop computers laptops Laptop http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laptop http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-laptop-noun-1 Powerbook ApplePowerbookComputer HPOmnibookComputer Omnibook Thinkpad IBMThinkpadComputer AcerAcernoteComputer Acernote ComputerHardwareDeviceType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. Each instance of this (second-order) collection is a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViQ2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareItem</a> all of whose instances are a particular, distinct type of (entire) computer hardware item. It includes such collections as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjL6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerKeyboard</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rHWtoUUjkEdaKIQACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">CableModem</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjAe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FloppyDisk</a>. It does not contain collections of computers or computer hardware items sorted by brand (e.g. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViqupwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MacintoshComputer</a>). For that, see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvx9fVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerTypeByBrand</a>. computer hardware device type A predicate that is used to make exceptions to constraints normally imposed by some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rk8dxOFcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType</a> (qq.v.). <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <b>SETORCOL1</b> <b>SETORCOL2</b>)</code> means that the pair consisting of <code><b>SETORCOL1</b></code> and <code><b>SETORCOL2</b></code> is exempt from the disjointness constraint that would otherwise be imposed because those set-or-collections are both elements of some instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rk8dxOFcGEdaLwgACs0uFOQ" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointSetOrCollectionType</a>. (See these collections' comments for a full explanation of the constraints.) <p/> For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKTnSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPartType</a>, which in turn is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA4pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SiblingDisjointCollectionType</a>. Consequently, since <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> is not a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a> (or vice versa), the two collections have a default disjointness constraint placed between them. However, such a disjointness constraint should be blocked, since any instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjLm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OpticNerve</a> is an instance of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a>. By asserting <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQtVmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">siblingDisjointExceptions</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SensoryNerve</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CranialNerve</a>)</code>, we block the disjointness constraint between those two collections, without disturbing the constraints between each of those collections and all their other (sibling) instances of the parent collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKTnSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OrganismPartType</a>. Sibling Disjoint Exceptions siblingDisjointExceptions ComputerWorkstation workstation A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjXjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleUserComputer</a>. Each instance of this collection is a computer usually found in some kind of work setting, which one person uses at any given time for the bulk of their computing tasks. Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> <b>THING</b> <b>URI</b>)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI laptop computer The collection of all laptop computers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOWjt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BatteryPoweredDevice</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonalComputer</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LaptopComputer</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r9Bn5KmkeEdaAAAABAxv-7A" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareDeviceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. LaptopComputer BatteryPoweredDevice battery powered device The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjUvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SelfPoweredDevice</a>s in which a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVicrpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Battery</a> serves as a noteworthy <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvxHPEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">internalPowerSource</a>. SpatiallyDisjointObjectType type of object whose instances do not physically overlap A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is a collection C of spatial things (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjpUZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatialThing</a>), where each of the spatial things in C is spatially disjoint with the other spatial things in C. <p/> For example, the collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Dog</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>, since dogs do not spatially overlap. Even pregnant dogs do not spatially overlap the pups they bear; rather, pregnant dogs contain their unborn pups. Other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwVGrQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LatitudeLine</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvW4n1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CompactDisc_Audio</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwR7UWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PlanetaryBody</a>. An important specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjlE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointRegionType</a> (a collection of specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViACZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GeographicalRegion</a>, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">City</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwT-n15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TrueContinent</a>). Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString laptop computer The collection of all laptop computers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOWjt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BatteryPoweredDevice</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonalComputer</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LaptopComputer</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r9Bn5KmkeEdaAAAABAxv-7A" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareDeviceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. LaptopComputer laptop computer The collection of all laptop computers. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOWjt5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BatteryPoweredDevice</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonalComputer</a>. The collection <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LaptopComputer</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r9Bn5KmkeEdaAAAABAxv-7A" class="cyc_term">ComputerHardwareDeviceType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. LaptopComputer personal computer PersonalComputer A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjXjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SingleUserComputer</a>. Each instance of this collection is a small, single-user <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjXzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Computer</a>, such as a desktop computer, a laptop computer or a palm computer. PortableObject A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkGrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanScaleObject</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a> is a tangible object that is not &quot;fastened down&quot; and is light enough for an average human (or, more to the point, for its average intended user) to move easily. <p/> For many instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, portability is important for the fulfillment of their primary functions; for example, an article of clothing (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkEoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SomethingToWear</a>), a hand-guided tool (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVig-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HandTool</a>), a coin or dollar bill (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjMQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Currency</a>), or a flashlight (an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjc1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Flashlight</a>) would be pretty useless if they weren't portable. In other cases, making a device portable, or making a portable version of a device, simply provides a convenience, as with the subcollections <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPvPDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableTelevision</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjYqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableStereoSystem</a>. <p/> Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPznZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Tool</a> is not a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a>, since many tools are heavy and/or stationary. A borderline example of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PortableObject</a> would be a heart/lung machine; although the beneficiary of its primary function is in no position to move it around, the physicians and nurses who also are &quot;using&quot; it can and do exactly that. The same goes for a playpen; the kids in it had better <i>not</i> be able to move it around, but the adults who set it up and put them there can and do move it. A borderline non-example would be a car; even though its user can make it move around, that is more a controlling action than a transporting action -- i.e., the car is doing the transporting in that case, not the driver. A borderline example is a cat; even though it moves under its own power, it is light enough for its owner to pick it up and move it around. A borderline example is a bed or a dresser; though too heavy to lift, its owners can generally move it around (by sliding, disassembling and reassembling, and so on). portable object wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name