]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. prescription drug PrescriptionDrug A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a>. The collection of drugs that require a doctor's permission before obtaining or consuming them. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1YBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugPrescription</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescribedDrug</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9-B-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFilled</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFor</a>. prescription drugs Prescription drug http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prescription_drug http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-prescription_drug-noun-1 plendil product A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by Merck. PlendilProduct WellbutrinSRProduct An <font color="#ff0000">#$AntiDepressant</font> drug product manufactuered by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwMwSApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">GlaxoInc</a>. Wellbutrin SR Imipedenem-Cilastin imipedenem-cilastin A type of anitbiotic. Meridia-Drug Meridia The collection of all Meridia. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjv2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DietMedication</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViufJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrescriptionDrug</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjDGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OralDrug</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvqmIHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Meridia_Drug</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP3kUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BrandNamePharmacyProductType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg" class="cyc_term">SpatiallyDisjointObjectType</a>. A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by Hoechst Marion Roussel. Cardizem CardizemProduct adalat product AdalatProduct A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by Bayer Corporation. SodiumPentothal The collection of all sodium pentothal. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Liquid_StateOfMatter</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViufJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrescriptionDrug</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViwP5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SodiumPentothal</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1OWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PharmaceuticalType</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvUCoPtoTQdaZVdw2OtjsAg" class="cyc_term">ChemicalCompoundTypeByChemicalSpecies</a>. sodium pentothal A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by Hoechst Marion Roussel. Cardizem CD CardizemCDProduct XanaxProduct Xanax Ritalin RitalinProduct An <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWUZl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Antidepressant</a> drug product manufactuered by SmithKline Beecham. PaxilProduct Paxil ZoloftProduct Zoloft A CNS stimulant commonly used for the short-term treatment of obesity. Didrex DidrexProduct contraceptive drug Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv22rYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BirthControlDrug</a> is some piece of a substance which can be used to regulate female fertility and prevent ovulation. BirthControlDrug adalat CC product AdalatCCProduct A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by Bayer Corporation. Xenical A lipase inhibitor commonly used for weight loss; manufactured by Roche. Xenical WellbutrinProduct Wellbutrin An <font color="#ff0000">#$AntiDepressant</font> drug product manufactuered by Burroughs Wellcome. Cinacef Cinacef The collection of all Cinacef. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViPWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntravenousDrug</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViufJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrescriptionDrug</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVikl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Antibiotic</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP3-wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cinacef</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP3kUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BrandNamePharmacyProductType</a>, a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViGSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TangibleStuffCompositionType</a>, and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWDiHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PharmacyProductType_Level0</a>. Serzone SerzoneProduct An <font color="#ff0000">#$AntiDepressant</font> drug product manufactuered by Bristol-Myers Squibb. DilantinProduct Dilantin A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by C.D. Searle. CalanSRProduct Calan SR A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTtw-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PfizerInc</a>. ProcardiaXLProduct Procardia XL Seldane Seldane The collection of all Seldane. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1Z_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Antihistamine</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjon5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mixture</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViufJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrescriptionDrug</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjDGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OralDrug</a>. The concept <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVivOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Seldane</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP3xcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PharmacyProductType</a> and an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. NorvascProduct A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTtw-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PfizerInc</a>. Norvasc product ValiumProduct valium Penicillin A well-known family of drugs used to combat bacteria. penicillin An addictive family of drugs which are used as sedatives, hypnotics, and anti-spasmodics. barbiturate Barbiturate (DrugFn Enalapril) drug containing enalapril calan product CalanProduct A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by C.D. Searle. PrescriptionDrugSample prescription drug sample Instances are samples of prescription drugs. Each instance will be <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQrjQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrescriptionDrugSampleType</a> (some fully-specified <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViqfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FormalProductType</a> which has a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQre2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NationalDrugCode</a>, etc.), but this collection and its subsets are not necessarily PrescriptionDrugSampleTypes. novocaine NovocainProduct cardizem SR product CardizemSRProduct A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by Hoechst Marion Roussel. Procardia ProcardiaProduct A <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwIuTDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalciumChannelBlocker</a> drug product manufactuered by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwTtw-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PfizerInc</a>. An <font color="#ff0000">#$AntiDepressant</font> drug product manufactuered by Wyeth. Effexor EffexorProduct trandate tablet product TrandateTabletProduct Luvox LuvoxProduct An <font color="#ff0000">#$AntiDepressant</font> drug product manufactuered by Solvay Pharmaceuticals. Daptomycin daptomycin A type of anitbiotic. A type of anitbiotic. Amikacin amikacin DrugProduct medicine A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkH_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv8FjPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugSubstance</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a> is a drug substance manufactured by some agent. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a> include drugs prescribed by a physician, drugs purchased as over-the-counter medicines, and drugs used for recreational purposes (so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjIe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AlcoholicBeverage</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv2QkOJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Nicotine</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkLW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Caffeine</a> are specializations). Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> <b>THING</b> <b>URI</b>)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI PharmacyProductType pharmacy product A collection of collections. Instances of this collection are types of pharmaceutical products that may be prescribed by a medical professional. Note that this includes drugs -- specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv8FjPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugSubstance</a> -- as well as pharmaceutical devices such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBbMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TestStrip</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwJpSQJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HearingAid_Prescription</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgHzaJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PrescriptionDrugType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP30iZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">OverTheCounterDrugType</a> are among the specializations of this collection. prescription drug PrescriptionDrug A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a>. The collection of drugs that require a doctor's permission before obtaining or consuming them. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1YBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugPrescription</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescribedDrug</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9-B-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFilled</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFor</a>. MedicalCareEvents-GeneralMedicine-Topic medical care events general medicine topic Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString ExistingStuffType type of temporally and spatially stuff-like thing A collection of collections, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a> is a collection of things (including portions of things) which are both temporally and spatially stufflike. Division in time or space does not destroy the stufflike quality of the object (down to a certain granularity). <p/> <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>STUFFTYPE</b> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>)</code> implies both (i) for most instances <code><b>STUFF</b></code> of <code><b>STUFFTYPE</b></code>, for any proper physical part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r8a2smPXcQdiEoJhcx65EiQ" class="cyc_term">properPhysicalDecompositions</a>) <code><b>PART</b></code> of <code><b>STUFF</b></code>, <code><b>PART</b></code> is also an instance of <code><b>STUFFTYPE</b></code> and (ii) for all instances <code><b>STUFF</b></code> of <code><b>STUFFTYPE</b></code>, for most proper physical parts <code><b>PART</b></code> of <code><b>STUFF</b></code>, <code><b>PART</b></code> is also an instance of <code><b>STUFFTYPE</b></code>. <p/> For example, every piece of wood is temporally stufflike: if W-168 is a piece of wood during 1996, then it's also a piece of wood for the one-minute time-slice 9:05am 7/7/96. It's also spatially stufflike: if we take that piece of wood W-168 and cut it in half, we have two things which are both pieces of wood. Since every piece of wood is both temporally and spatially stufflike, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVimxJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Wood</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a>. Other instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVny6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingStuffType</a> include the collections <font color="#ff0000">#$AppleJuice</font>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj1EpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IceCream</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgC2UJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Diamond</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCaCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WaxedPaper</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwAoze5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StriatedMuscle</a>. See the comment for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> to learn more about the distinctions between, and the need for, these four collections: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ExistingObjectType</a>. prescription drug PrescriptionDrug A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a>. The collection of drugs that require a doctor's permission before obtaining or consuming them. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1YBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugPrescription</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescribedDrug</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9-B-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFilled</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFor</a>. prescription drug PrescriptionDrug A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViu95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugProduct</a>. The collection of drugs that require a doctor's permission before obtaining or consuming them. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1YBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DrugPrescription</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mB5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescribedDrug</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9-B-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFilled</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1mEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prescriptionFor</a>. wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name