]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. KnowledgeBase kb A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-RqtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_AbstractContent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is a database (considered as an abstract repository of information rather than a physical storage device) containing knowledge about at least part of the world. A notable specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>, the collection of all Cyc knowledge bases.

Knowledge base

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a> is the collection of all Cyc knowledge bases. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a> is a formalized representation of a vast quantity of fundamental human knowledge: facts, rules of thumb, and heuristics for reasoning about the objects and events of everyday life. Each copy of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjbE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a> (i.e., each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqXZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycTheCollection</a>) contains the information represented in exactly one instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>. The Cyc KB (like the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjbE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycProgram</a>) changes frequently. Also, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>s can be specialized for different users and uses. CycKB Cyc knowledge base WordNet WordNetKnowledgeBase The collection of all versions of WordNet, including the now defunct WordNet-1995Version and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvzHq75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WordNet_1997Version</a>. ConceptNetKnowledgeBase concept net knowledge base The collection of all versions of ConceptNet, which is a knowledgebase described at http://web.media.mit.edu/~hugo/conceptnet/ . SNOMED 3.0 SNOMED-Information1993 The information in SNOMED International, Version 3.0, the third edition of the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine. SENSUS is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a>, created by the Information Sciences Institute at USC. An earlier version of it was known as Pangloss, and it was developed primarily in order to support machine translation.--OKeefe, Oct 15, 1997 SENSUS-Information1997 SENSUS-Information1997 EBOnline The information in the online version of Encyclopedia Britannica which can be found at http://search.eb.com/ Encyclopedia Britannica Online Federal information Processing Standard FIPS10-4Information1995 Federal Information Processing Standard codes are called FIPS codes. Geographical codes include FIPS4 and FIPS 10, which expanded on FIPS 6. VerbNet-Version2_0 VerbNet 2.0 MeSH 1997 MeSH-Information1997 The information in the expanded 1997 version of the National Library of Medicine (NLM)'s thesaurus of Medical Subject Headings. SNOMED 3.3 SNOMED-Information1996 The information in SNOMED International, Version 3.3, the third edition of the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine. ObjectType type of object The collection of all collections that are "object-like" in at least one respect. A collection <code>COL</code> is object-like just in case there is some sense of 'part' according to which any (or nearly any) given proper part of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>; when this happens <code>COL</code> is said to be object-like with respect to that sense of 'part'. More precisely, for a collection <code>COL</code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> it is sufficient that there be some specialization <code>PARTPRED</code> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> such that, for any <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(PARTPRED OBJ1 OBJ2)</code> both hold, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code> does not hold. (Also sufficient for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is that there be some specialization <code>INVPARTPRED</code> of the inverse of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwgfukKs8QdePzLB9nLNpTw" class="cyc_term">properParts</a> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWHsNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">genlInverse</a>) such that <code>(INVPARTPRED OBJ2 OBJ1)</code>, with everything else remaining the same as above.) Note that neither of the above sufficient conditions for <code>COL</code>'s being an object-type is strictly necessary: some exceptions are allowed. Thus as long as either one of the above conditionals holds in nearly all cases, <code>COL</code> should be considered an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Here are two examples. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. Take an instance of that, say my car. Now consider one of the proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">physicalParts</a> of my car, say the steering wheel. The steering wheel is not an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a>. And the same would be true for any proper physical part of any car. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViVwZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Automobile</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a>. No proper <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> of a year is itself a year. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> for the contrasting (though not disjoint) notion of being stuff-like. Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL KnowledgeBase kb A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-RqtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_AbstractContent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is a database (considered as an abstract repository of information rather than a physical storage device) containing knowledge about at least part of the world. A notable specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>, the collection of all Cyc knowledge bases. InformationAndCWs-Topic information and CWs topic The collection of all databases considered as abstract repositories of information rather than as physical storage devices. A database generally has some means of accessing the data from structured records, frames or relational structures, using some query language. A particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-RqtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_AbstractContent</a> may exist in multiple copies, and may be distributed over several different physical data storage sites: see also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVidEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_Physical</a>. Database-AbstractContent abstract database StructuredKnowledgeSource A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StructuredInformationSource</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rmUy0ojIYEdaAAACQJ5pZBw" class="cyc_term">StructuredKnowledgeSource</a> is an electronic source of propositional information combined with a conceptual schema that describes its semantic content. Examples include databases, spreadsheets, queryable web pages, and XML or DAML tagged text. SKS KnowledgeBase kb A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-RqtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_AbstractContent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is a database (considered as an abstract repository of information rather than a physical storage device) containing knowledge about at least part of the world. A notable specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>, the collection of all Cyc knowledge bases. KnowledgeBase kb A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-RqtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Database_AbstractContent</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is a database (considered as an abstract repository of information rather than a physical storage device) containing knowledge about at least part of the world. A notable specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjSEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">KnowledgeBase</a> is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjqoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CycKB</a>, the collection of all Cyc knowledge bases. wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name