]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. RhythmAndBluesMusic rhythm and blues A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> that first appeared in the United States in the mid-1940s, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvlPYcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RhythmAndBluesMusic</a> was an important precursor of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwJwNW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockAndRollMusic</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwDS5XpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SoulMusic</a>. Early R&B was itself influenced by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_-aApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BluesMusic</a> and by big-band and swing-era <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>. Initially often known as 'jump blues' to its fans, R&B was commonly referred to in the mainstream (i.e. white, middle-class) culture as 'race' music, due to the fact that almost all of its performers were African Americans. Compared to straight Blues, with which it shares chord structures, riffs, and lyrical themes, R&B tends to be louder and faster, uses more electrical instruments, and is often horn-driven. Influential practitioners of R&B include Louis Jordan, Big Joe Turner, Ruth Brown, Ike Turner, Big Mama Thornton, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, and Ray Charles. rhythm 'n blues Music music A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjIvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SoundInformationBearingThing</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvtisp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Artifact_Intangible</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> is a particular sound produced by actions such as singing, whistling, playing an instrument, playing recorded music, and so on. Music has certain features that distinguish it from random noise (though recognizing them may depend upon a specific cultural background); such features usually include variations of pitch over time (i.e., melody), multiple (somehow) related pitches sounding at one time (i.e., some kind of harmony), and/or some regular temporal pattern to the component sounds (i.e., rhythm). Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> include the debut performance of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, Leonard Bernstein's rendition of the Ninth Symphony with the BPO in Berlin in 1989, a particular playing of a particular CD of Bernstein's 1989 Ninth in Berlin, and the Messiah sing-in in Austin, TX, in 1995. This collection is not to be confused with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViDo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalText</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_NP-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicalTextCopy</a> (qq.v.), which refer to the represented instructions which musicians often follow in order to create <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a>. RhythmAndBluesMusic rhythm and blues A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> that first appeared in the United States in the mid-1940s, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvlPYcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RhythmAndBluesMusic</a> was an important precursor of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwJwNW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockAndRollMusic</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwDS5XpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SoulMusic</a>. Early R&B was itself influenced by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_-aApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BluesMusic</a> and by big-band and swing-era <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>. Initially often known as 'jump blues' to its fans, R&B was commonly referred to in the mainstream (i.e. white, middle-class) culture as 'race' music, due to the fact that almost all of its performers were African Americans. Compared to straight Blues, with which it shares chord structures, riffs, and lyrical themes, R&B tends to be louder and faster, uses more electrical instruments, and is often horn-driven. Influential practitioners of R&B include Louis Jordan, Big Joe Turner, Ruth Brown, Ike Turner, Big Mama Thornton, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, and Ray Charles. Instances are collections representing different styles of music. The instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv8ceypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MusicTypeByMajorGenre</a> divides music up by style as opposed to by composer or by geographic region, although it's certainly true that particular styles originate in different regions. Notably, no instance of this collection is a sub-genre of any other genre. MusicTypeByMajorGenre major musical style RhythmAndBluesMusic rhythm and blues A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjOJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Music</a> that first appeared in the United States in the mid-1940s, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvlPYcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RhythmAndBluesMusic</a> was an important precursor of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwJwNW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RockAndRollMusic</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwDS5XpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SoulMusic</a>. Early R&B was itself influenced by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_-aApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BluesMusic</a> and by big-band and swing-era <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP2KM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JazzMusic</a>. Initially often known as 'jump blues' to its fans, R&B was commonly referred to in the mainstream (i.e. white, middle-class) culture as 'race' music, due to the fact that almost all of its performers were African Americans. Compared to straight Blues, with which it shares chord structures, riffs, and lyrical themes, R&B tends to be louder and faster, uses more electrical instruments, and is often horn-driven. Influential practitioners of R&B include Louis Jordan, Big Joe Turner, Ruth Brown, Ike Turner, Big Mama Thornton, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, and Ray Charles. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString