]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. The collection of all bishops, which are christian <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a>s, usually male, who are mostly senior leaders within hierarchically organized church denominations such as the Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, Anglican or Episcopalian churches. Every Christian bishop is consecrated by one or more other bishops, in a chain of consecrations in direct 'apostolic succession' from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3n0p5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JesusChrist</a>. Some bishops in this succession are 'wandering bishops' (episcopes vagrantes) not associated with organized churches. In mediaeval times, some countries were ruled by bishops. bishop Bishop-Clerical bishops The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOKUEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CopticPope</a>s; each is the spiritual leader and pope of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvlu2GJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CopticChristianity</a> and vice-regent of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3n0p5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JesusChrist</a> on earth. In recent times the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOKUEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CopticPope</a>s have lived in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViTg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Egypt</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBxYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Pope</a>. CopticPope coptic pope The collection of all archbishops: <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a>s, usually male, who are high-ranking religious and administrative leaders of hierarchically-organized churches such as the Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Anglican churches. Archbishops outrank (mere) bishops and abbots. Technically, every <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvePNfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Archbishop</a> is also a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwN8hS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bishop_Clerical</a> or abbot, and hence a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVrx15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Priest</a> or <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwDgVOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Monk</a>. Archbishop archbishop The collection of all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBxYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Pope</a>s; each is the spiritual and temporal head of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBxlZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RomanCatholicChurch</a> and of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwJQexJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HolySee</a>, political ruler of the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVign5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">VaticanCity</a>, bishop [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwN8hS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bishop_Clerical</a>] of Rome, Italy, Prince over all christian Princes, and vice-regent of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3n0p5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JesusChrist</a> on earth. Each <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBxYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Pope</a>, in modern times, is elected by the College of Cardinals in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwNowwpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SistineChapel</a>, and rules until death. (There are other popes, such as the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwOKUEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CopticPope</a>s, that are not included in this collection.) Certain historical popes are now held to have been antipopes. Pope pope cardinal The collection of all Catholic cardinals. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBwwpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CatholicPriest</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwN8hS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bishop_Clerical</a>. The concept <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv1YgM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cardinal_CatholicBishop</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r08KLpNjmQdeUfM1TqvCQaw" class="cyc_term">ClericTypeByReligionAndPosition</a> and a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a>. Cardinal-CatholicBishop George Berkeley GeorgeBerkeley-Philosopher The Rt. Rev. Horatio Potter (1802-1887), 19th Century American clergyman, a priest and bishop [<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwN8hS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bishop_Clerical</a>] in the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwEsjM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EpiscopalianReligion</a>. He attended Union Theological Seminary, became a priest, and later bishop of New York. He married Mary Jane Tomlinson. In 1865 he created the order of the Sisters of St. Mary, and in 1873 he founded <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFAgb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StJohnTheDivineCathedral_NewYork</a>, the largest cathedral in the Western Hemisphere (where he is entombed behind the altar). He was succeeded as bishop of New York by his nephew, Henry Codman Potter in 1887. Horatio Potter HoratioPotter-Bishop DB pedia OWL class DBPediaOWLClass A collection of collections. Each instance of this collection is a collection that corresponds to one of the classes in the DBPedia ontology. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString A collection of collections. Each instance is a spec of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a> whose instances are all of the same position. ClericTypeByPosition cleric type by position type of profession A collection of collections and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWgxLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByActivity</a> (q.v.). Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> is a collection of workers (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a>) and is defined in terms of the kind of work done. The various instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVii2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByOccupation</a> correspond to jobs of all kinds, and not just to those colloquially called &quot;professions&quot;. Examples include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjONJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ComputerProgrammerProfessional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjkWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FoodServiceEmployee</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwxbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MedicalCareProfessional</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwl6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SalesRepresentative</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjilJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Brewer</a>, and many others. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQr5OpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByPositionInOrg</a>. PersonTypeByOccupation (ResourceWithURIFn "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Cleric") "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Cleric" The collection of all bishops, which are christian <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a>s, usually male, who are mostly senior leaders within hierarchically organized church denominations such as the Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, Anglican or Episcopalian churches. Every Christian bishop is consecrated by one or more other bishops, in a chain of consecrations in direct 'apostolic succession' from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3n0p5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JesusChrist</a>. Some bishops in this succession are 'wandering bishops' (episcopes vagrantes) not associated with organized churches. In mediaeval times, some countries were ruled by bishops. Bishop-Clerical bishop The collection of all bishops, which are christian <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a>s, usually male, who are mostly senior leaders within hierarchically organized church denominations such as the Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, Anglican or Episcopalian churches. Every Christian bishop is consecrated by one or more other bishops, in a chain of consecrations in direct 'apostolic succession' from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3n0p5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JesusChrist</a>. Some bishops in this succession are 'wandering bishops' (episcopes vagrantes) not associated with organized churches. In mediaeval times, some countries were ruled by bishops. Bishop-Clerical bishop Cleric A specialization of both <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjnN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonWithOccupation</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj4GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReligiousPerson</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a> is a religious leader, typically in charge of some congregation (for instance, a synagogue, temple, mosque, or church). Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvy3wrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Rabbi</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVrx15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Priest</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvexJ0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mullah</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVuVWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Minister</a>. clergyman The collection of all bishops, which are christian <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Cleric</a>s, usually male, who are mostly senior leaders within hierarchically organized church denominations such as the Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, Anglican or Episcopalian churches. Every Christian bishop is consecrated by one or more other bishops, in a chain of consecrations in direct 'apostolic succession' from <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3n0p5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">JesusChrist</a>. Some bishops in this succession are 'wandering bishops' (episcopes vagrantes) not associated with organized churches. In mediaeval times, some countries were ruled by bishops. Bishop-Clerical bishop