]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. Syphilis syphilis A sexually transmissible disease that, if undetected, can lead to insanity and death. case of syphilis cases of syphilis syphilis infections syphilis infection

Syphilis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syphilis http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-syphilis-noun-1 Syphilis syphilis A sexually transmissible disease that, if undetected, can lead to insanity and death. infectious disease InfectiousDiseaseType The intersection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1fRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectionType</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv6WBtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DiseaseType</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwVh-HpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectiousDiseaseType</a> is a type of infection that is also a type of disease. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVp6j5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TrenchFever</a> belongs in this collection, but <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQww_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ViralInfection</a>, which is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1fRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectionType</a> but is not a type of disease, does not belong. Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvX3UYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectionTypeByPathogenType</a>, and a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwvf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Infection</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQww85wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BacterialInfection</a> is an infection caused by bacteria (see the constant <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjU-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Bacterium</a>). Notable specializations of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQww85wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">BacterialInfection</a> include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv7ukd5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnthraxInfection</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1Ue5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Diphtheria</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1iKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Acne</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwFuhkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Leprosy</a>. bacterial infection BacterialInfection quotedIsa A binary <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rDeDIGEW0EdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">MetaLanguagePredicate</a> (q.v.) that relates CycL expressions to the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4raOoTci9qEdma4AACs1uxFw" class="cyc_term">SubLExpressionType</a>s (q.v.) of which they are instances. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> is thus like a restricted version of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> (q.v.), but with one important difference: the first argument-place of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> is "implicitly quoted" (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwHb_bZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">quotedArgument</a>). So a ground atomic sentence of the form <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> THING EXPR-TYPE)</code> does not mean that <code>THING</code> itself is an instance of <code>EXPR-TYPE</code>. Rather, such a sentence is partly self-referential, and means that the particular CycL expression appearing in the sentence's own first argument-position is an instance of <code>EXPR-TYPE</code>. Thus, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> provides a convenient shorthand for stating certain things that would otherwise require explicit quotation (or some other device for naming expressions). This is better illustrated with a specific example. Suppose we wish to state that the CycL constant <code><a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViH35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndianOcean</a></code> is an instance of the CycL expression type #$PublicConstant. We cannot express this with the straightforward <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> sentence <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViH35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndianOcean</a> #$PublicConstant)</code>, as that states the falsehood that the IndianOcean itself -- which is not a constant but a body of water -- is a public constant. But we can express precisely what we want like this: <pre> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViH35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndianOcean</a> #$PublicConstant) . </pre> Now <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> is a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv4oJWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">MacroRelation</a> (q.v.), and by its <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjg7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">expansion</a> any given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> sentence is equivalent to some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> sentence with an explicitly quoted first argument. The sentence displayed above turns out to be equivalent to: <pre> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rgGBbEkNuEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">Quote</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViH35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndianOcean</a>) #$PublicConstant). </pre> But the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> version has two related practical advantages over the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> version. First, the former is syntactically simpler than the latter. Second, the simpler syntax of the former makes it easier to browse in the Knowedge Base: while the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> version is conveniently indexed under the KB Browser page for the constant <code><a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViH35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndianOcean</a></code>, the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> version would apparently be indexed under a separate, brand new page for the term <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rgGBbEkNuEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">Quote</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViH35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IndianOcean</a>)</code>. Generalizing the point, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a> lets us avoid having potentially to double the number of pages currently in the browser. For the semantically more complicated (but rarely encountered) case in which <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rBVVEokNxEdaAAACgydogAg" class="cyc_term">quotedIsa</a>'s first argument-place is filled with an open expression, see the accompanying #$cyclistNotes. Quoted Isa chronic condition ChronicCondition A collection of ailments. An instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1OVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChronicCondition</a> is an ailment that lingers or recurs in an organism throughout its life. In some cases, the symptoms of a chronic condition may abate with treatment. The condition may never go away completely. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1iIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Asthma</a> is an example of a subcollection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1OVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ChronicCondition</a>. Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> THING URI)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI Syphilis syphilis A sexually transmissible disease that, if undetected, can lead to insanity and death. PotentiallyPornRelated potentially related to porn thing A FORT's having the attribute <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r3CdT8HS7EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PotentiallyPornRelated</a> indicates that any query string that parses to it, whether vulgar or not, is such that we think it might be after pornographic material. For technical reasons, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r3CdT8HS7EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PotentiallyPornRelated</a> will apply to any FORT that is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rF_RUpnS7EdaAAACgyZzFrg" class="cyc_term">PresumedPornRelated</a>, so the former means that the FORT is at least potentially porn-related rather than only potentially porn-related. For queries that parse to FORTs with the former but not the latter attribute (FORTs which are only potentially porn-related) we should not immediately offer any /Adult OD nodes but should instead offer a generic euphemistic concept followup through which any pornographic nodes and followups can be offered. The collection of all sexually transmitted diseases. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwbJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CloseContactTransmittedInfection</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQwcK5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexuallyTransmittedInfection</a> is an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1fRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">InfectionType</a>. SexuallyTransmittedInfection sexually transmitted disease Syphilis syphilis A sexually transmissible disease that, if undetected, can lead to insanity and death. life-threatening condition LifeThreateningCondition A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQw4WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysiologicalCondition</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1QsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LifeThreateningCondition</a> is an ailment which, if left untreated, may cause the death of the organism afflicted by it. Specializations include <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1e1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Poisoning</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwP1GeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Rabies</a>. wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name