]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. earthquake A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBYpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earthquake</a> is an event in which the earth's surface shakes as a consequence of violent seismic activity. Earthquake quakes earthquakes quake

Earthquake

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-earthquake-noun-1 The collection of all aftershocks. A type of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBYpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earthquake</a>. aftershock Aftershock the Loma Prieta Earthquake LomaPrietaEarthquake the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake IndianOceanEarthquake-2004 SanFranciscoEarthquake-1906 the 1906 San Francisco earthquake KashmirEarthquake-2005 the 2005 Kashmir earthquake Pretty String (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> TERM STRING) means that STRING is the English word or expression (sequence of words) commonly used to refer to TERM. The predicate <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLSVCpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">prettyString</a> is used by the code which generates CycL to English paraphrases, but its applicability is not restricted to this use. prettyString Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL seeAlsoURI <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4riWVFR6HJSpaEaHrcWS3MSA" class="cyc_term">seeAlsoURI</a> THING URI)</code> means that a description of the resource identified by URI is likely to contain information pertinent to THING. This predicate is roughly equivalent to rdfs:seeAlso. See Also URI Vibration-Translational translational vibration The center of mass of an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkEjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectMoving</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWODLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vibration_Translational</a> periodically translates back and forth due as a function of some location dependent potential. For example, a ball bounces up and down. When the ball is high its potential energy is high and rising kinetic energy is low and decreasing. Eventually kinetic energy peters out and the ball comes to a stop turns around and starts heading downward. This kind of motion applies to non-circular elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvmlCvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Orbiting</a>, mass spring systems, swinging pendulums. A bus shuttling to and fro (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_xUx5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_BackAndForth</a>) is not an exemplar since there is no equilibrium position for the bus. Note that <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWODLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vibration_Translational</a> is different from vibrational movement due to shape change. For example, if you hit a bell it vibrates by changing its shape periodically. Its center of mass does not necessarily move back and forth. Therefore a bell ringing which does not also rock back and forth is not an <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkEjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">objectMoving</a> in a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWODLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vibration_Translational</a>. Note that the most typical exemplars of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWODLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vibration_Translational</a> (e.g. a pendulum swinging) are also elements of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvV5EZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Translation_NoLocationChange</a>. However, not changing location is not a necessary property since, e.g. a ball bouncing its way across a stage is clearly an element of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWODLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Vibration_Translational</a> and does undergo location change. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjpjZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PhysicalEvent</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPG60pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">DangerousSituation</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a> is the collection of natural hazard events, such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rGXdHdqdFQdeZyeu3p8B-2A" class="cyc_term">HurricaneAsEvent</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKNzUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Mudslide</a>s, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBYpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earthquake</a>s and the like. Each instance of this collection is an event that can inflict extensive property damage, injury, or death. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a> which actually cause significant damage are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvfblKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalDisaster</a>. If the hazards are caused by human action, they are not instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a>. NaturalHazard natural hazard earthquake A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBYpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earthquake</a> is an event in which the earth's surface shakes as a consequence of violent seismic activity. Earthquake earthquake A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBYpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earthquake</a> is an event in which the earth's surface shakes as a consequence of violent seismic activity. Earthquake TemporalObjectType temporal object type A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ObjectType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally object-like. A collection <code>COL</code> is temporally object-like just in case it generally holds that any proper purely temporal parts (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code>COL</code> is not itself an instance of <code>COL</code>. More precisely, a collection <code>COL</code> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> just in case it satisfies the following: For any distinct <code>OBJ1</code> and <code>OBJ2</code>, if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ1 COL)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> OBJ1 OBJ2)</code>, then not <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> OBJ2 COL)</code>. For example, none of the proper time-slices of a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> is itself a calendar year. Likewise for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjyV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CalendarYear</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> are both instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a>. Conversely, a proper time-slice of a given <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> might itself be a <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> (e.g. an hour has minutes and seconds as time-slices); so <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVisWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Date</a> is not a temporal-object-type. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally stuff-like. earthquake A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3hz-pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">NaturalHazard</a>. Each instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQBYpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Earthquake</a> is an event in which the earth's surface shakes as a consequence of violent seismic activity. Earthquake wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name