]> 2009/04/07 OpenCyc Knowledge Base Copyright© 2001-2009 Cycorp, Inc., http://www.cyc.com/, Austin, TX, USA This file contains an OWL representation of information contained in the OpenCyc Knowledge Base. The content of this OWL file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license whose text can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode. The content of this OWL file, including the OpenCyc content it represents, constitutes the "Work" referred to in the Creative Commons license. The terms of this license equally apply to, without limitation, renamings and other logically equivalent reformulations of the content of this OWL file (or portions thereof) in any natural or formal language, as well as to derivations of this content or inclusion of it in other ontologies. Mappings between OpenCyc terms and Wikipedia article names provided by Olena Medelyan and Catherine Legg, University of Waikato, NZ under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. externalID A unique, language-neutral, variable-sized identifier for a concept that can be used to refer unambiguously to that concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. label A natural-language representation for a concept that is both human readable and readable by the Cyc inference engine. These terms are not guaranteed to refer to the same concept across time but are guaranteed to be consistent within a particular OWL export. Use 'cycAnnot:externalID' for unambiguously referring to a concept across OWL exports or across Cyc inference engines. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvhZiPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Culture_Practice</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a> each instance of which is a very extended, multi-performer activity involving social and material modifications by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> to their environment. Human cultures are generally considered very important by their participants (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-JRhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureParticipants</a>). Humans tend to identify themselves largely in relation to the cultures in which they participate. Exactly what sorts of events constitute a human culture is hard to specify (see the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKkfiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CultureClassificationType</a> for guidance here), but cultures generally can at least be said to involve the following sorts of activities on the part of many of their participants: (1) the expression of certain characteristic beliefs, (2) the following of certain characteristic practices, and (3) the use (and sometimes, production) of certain characteristic artifacts. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvw227ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureBeliefs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwG5lDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">culturePractices</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rviIErZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureSpecialPractices</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwHAD65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureArtifacts</a>. HumanCulture human culture Culture http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose core participants identify themselves as descendants of some common ancestors. An ancestral culture is characterized by its development as part of, and in response to, the experiences of such an ancestral group. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKsWfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AncestralCulture</a> associated with <font color="#ff0000">#$AfricanAmericanPerson</font> and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVizHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfSerbians</a>. ancestral culture AncestralCulture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture many of whose participants share a particular set of political beliefs and attitudes, and engage in similar sorts of political activities. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_uAApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PoliticalCulture</a> associated with most political philosophies (such as <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvhipO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Marxism</a>) and with most instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj82pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PoliticalParty</a> (such as the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjF55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RepublicanParty_US</a>). PoliticalCulture political culture regional culture RegionalCulture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose participants live in a particular geographic region, and which has developed around the experiences of those participants. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvkZPIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RegionalCulture</a> associated with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj50pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">South_USRegion</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj295wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SouthernCalifornia</a>, and the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwF_boJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ArabianDesert</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv711aJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RegionalTypeCulture</a>. Instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwO1925wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EccentricSubculture</a> are <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>s, that, among other things, have a small number of participants relative to a larger <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a> of which these members are also in some sense a part. Additionally, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwO1925wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EccentricSubculture</a>s involve activities and beliefs that are, from the perspective of the larger culture, eccentric; usually their participants embrace such activities and beliefs for that very reason. Examples include punk culture and gothic culture. Non-examples include suburbanite culture, farm culture, and cultures practiced by ethnic groups who happen to be minority groups. subculture EccentricSubculture RegionalTypeCulture culture of a type of region A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose participants live in the same type of geographic region, and which has developed around the experiences of those participants. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv711aJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RegionalTypeCulture</a> associated with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjreZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Desert</a>, <font color="#ff0000">#$Forest-Wild</font>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCQD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Seacoast</a>. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvkZPIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RegionalCulture</a>. SexualCulture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose core participants engage in certain types of sexual practices, and which has developed around the experiences of those core participants. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwHENW5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SexualCulture</a> associated with sado-masochism and ''spouse-swapping''. sexual culture AgeCulture age culture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose focal participants are of a particular age group, and which has developed around the experiences of that group. Examples include teenage culture, adult culture, and middle-age culture. GenderCulture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose core participants display the same or similar gender characteristics, and which has developed around the experiences of those core participants. The most inclusive examples are feminine culture and masculine culture. Note that participation in a gender culture is not strictly determined by one's biological sex: a transvestite who ''passes'' as a female, for example, is a core participant in feminine culture. gender culture EthnicCulture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose core participants are members of the same ethnic group (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjcrpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">PersonTypeByEthnicity</a>), and which has developed around the experiences of those core participants. In cases where the ethnic group has long been closely associated with a particular <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViIeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Country</a>, (e.g., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj6EJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">France</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViXipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfFrench</a>), its culture may largely overlap with that of the country (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4VbZRgIxQdeJv7K4QRyNQg" class="cyc_term">NationalCulture</a>). However, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rRnSKDJJkQdmFMYyFtxqRIg" class="cyc_term">EthnicCulture</a>s have also developed within groups that have not controlled nations for a long time, if ever (cf., <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjH1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfMayans</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVivApwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfHmong</a>), and within groups that have long been dispersed over multiple regions -- e.g, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjJo5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">EthnicGroupOfArabs</a>. ethnic culture religious culture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture defined at least in part by the fact that its core participants are followers of a particular religion, sect, or religious cult and thus share various religious beliefs and engage in various religious practices. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQ9X2JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ReligiousCulture</a> associated with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjkH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProtestantReligion</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVirrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SunniIslam</a>. ReligiousCulture ProfessionalCulture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture whose core participants work in the same profession, and which has developed around the experiences of those core participants. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwJp_ypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ProfessionalCulture</a> associated with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkFrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Teacher</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVkBWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Engineer</a>. professional culture national culture NationalCulture This is the collection of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>s which are defined as the cultures of nations. For example, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgr9wpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FrenchCulture</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4VbZRgIxQdeJv7K4QRyNQg" class="cyc_term">NationalCulture</a> of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj6EJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">France</a>. This collection is not a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvkZPIZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">RegionalCulture</a> because some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4VbZRgIxQdeJv7K4QRyNQg" class="cyc_term">NationalCulture</a>s have influence beyond a specific region -- for instance, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvgr9wpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">FrenchCulture</a> has influence beyond <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVj6EJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">France</a> -- and some <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4VbZRgIxQdeJv7K4QRyNQg" class="cyc_term">NationalCulture</a>s are uprooted and dispersed. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r4VbZRgIxQdeJv7K4QRyNQg" class="cyc_term">NationalCulture</a>s typically include a national language, cuisine, music, and other distinctive cultural practices. LegalCulture legal culture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, each instance of which is a culture defined at least in part by the fact that its core participants live under or work in the same or very similar legal systems. For example, there are instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvpRaz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">LegalCulture</a> associated with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwCS6pJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CommonLawSystem</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwPpM2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IslamicLawSystem</a>. ChineseCulture Chinese culture The culture associated with <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv9FecJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">China_Historical</a>. <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rva9h8ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CivilizedHumanCulture</a> is the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a> participated in by all members of human civilizations over the past 6000+ years. The use of such a broad instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a> is to define the cultural dimensions of instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViA1ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Microtheory</a> civilized human culture CivilizedHumanCulture cultureCoreParticipants Culture Core Participants This predicate is a specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-JRhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureParticipants</a> that relates persons (and, potentially, other animals) to the cultures that they participate in in a central way. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv2OKS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureCoreParticipants</a> CULTURE PARTICIPANT) means that PARTICIPANT is one of the primary <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">socialParticipants</a> in the complex instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a> that is CULTURE. Core participation in a given culture implies possession of the qualities that the culture is defined in terms of, and implies strong tendencies toward certain characteristic beliefs and practices of that culture (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvw227ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureBeliefs</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwG5lDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">culturePractices</a>). For example, although it is not necessarily the case that all <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-JRhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureParticipants</a> in teenage culture are actually in their teens, this is the case for all of that culture's <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv2OKS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureCoreParticipants</a>. Wikipedia Article URL (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rNv0nbm4TTjOp7yhmnzOyqg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleURL</a> THING URL) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article located at URL wikipediaArticleURL type of temporally stuff-like thing TemporalStuffType A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVir35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">StuffType</a> (q.v.) whose instances are all and only those collections that are temporally stuff-like. A collection <code><b>COL</b></code> is temporally stuff-like just in case every purely temporal part (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a>) of an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code> is itself an instance of <code><b>COL</b></code>, unless it is a temporal part of a temporal granule of <code><b>COL</b></code> (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a>). <p/> More precisely, for a collection <code><b>COL</b></code> to be an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a> it is both a necessary and sufficient condition that for any <code><b>OBJ1</b></code> and <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> (with <code><b>OBJ2</b></code> at or above <code><b>COL</b></code>'s temporal granularity level), if <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>COL</b>)</code> and <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWn4OZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">timeSlices</a> <b>OBJ1</b> <b>OBJ2</b>)</code>, then <code>(<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViBBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">isa</a> <b>OBJ2</b> <b>COL</b>)</code>. <p/> Consider <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. Take an arbitrary instance <code><b>WALK</b></code> of this collection (say Miss America 2000's victory walk down the runway and back); and then take an arbitrary time-slice <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> of <code><b>WALK</b></code> that subsumes at least one instance of (the <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">granuleOfTemporalStuff</a> for <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>) <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViYBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TakingAStep</a> (say her trip back from the end of the runway). <code><b>SUBWALK</b></code> is itself an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a>. So <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVi0gpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">WalkingOnTwoLegs</a> is an instance of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVitN5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalStuffType</a>. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViq35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">TemporalObjectType</a> for the disjoint notion of being temporally object-like. A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvhZiPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Culture_Practice</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a> each instance of which is a very extended, multi-performer activity involving social and material modifications by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> to their environment. Human cultures are generally considered very important by their participants (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-JRhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureParticipants</a>). Humans tend to identify themselves largely in relation to the cultures in which they participate. Exactly what sorts of events constitute a human culture is hard to specify (see the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKkfiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CultureClassificationType</a> for guidance here), but cultures generally can at least be said to involve the following sorts of activities on the part of many of their participants: (1) the expression of certain characteristic beliefs, (2) the following of certain characteristic practices, and (3) the use (and sometimes, production) of certain characteristic artifacts. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvw227ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureBeliefs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwG5lDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">culturePractices</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rviIErZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureSpecialPractices</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwHAD65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureArtifacts</a>. HumanCulture human culture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvhZiPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Culture_Practice</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a> each instance of which is a very extended, multi-performer activity involving social and material modifications by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> to their environment. Human cultures are generally considered very important by their participants (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-JRhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureParticipants</a>). Humans tend to identify themselves largely in relation to the cultures in which they participate. Exactly what sorts of events constitute a human culture is hard to specify (see the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKkfiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CultureClassificationType</a> for guidance here), but cultures generally can at least be said to involve the following sorts of activities on the part of many of their participants: (1) the expression of certain characteristic beliefs, (2) the following of certain characteristic practices, and (3) the use (and sometimes, production) of certain characteristic artifacts. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvw227ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureBeliefs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwG5lDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">culturePractices</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rviIErZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureSpecialPractices</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwHAD65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureArtifacts</a>. HumanCulture human culture Required Actor Slots A typed-specialization (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv3W2hJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">typedGenlPreds</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvo8bsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">rolesForEventType</a> (q.v.), whose second argument-place is constrained to instances (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvuItPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">argIsa</a>) of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViAKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">ActorSlot</a>. (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwCgF_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">requiredActorSlots</a> EVENTTYPE ACTORSLOT) means that for any instance EVENT of EVENTTYPE, there is some participant ACTOR that fills ACTORSLOT in EVENT (i.e. (ACTORSLOT EVENT ACTOR) holds). For example, (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwCgF_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">requiredActorSlots</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVjeiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CreationEvent</a> <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvWStbZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">outputsCreated</a>) means that in any creation event some output is created. requiredActorSlots The collection of all instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q" class="cyc_term">ClarifyingCollectionType</a> that are used by the <font color="#ff0000">#$KRAKEN</font> application to resolve natural language ambiguities. KE clarifying collection type KEClarifyingCollectionType Culture-Practice A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVioQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Action</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViPO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">SocialOccurrence</a> each instance of which is a very extended, multi-doer event involving material and/or social modifications by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvVinb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">IntelligentAgent</a>s to their environment, as well as a set of learned shared practices which are transmitted amongst all members of any given culture. A notable specialization of this collection is <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwQCPUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">HumanCulture</a>, but it also includes any nonhuman animal (e.g. chimpanzee) cultures, cultures created by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv_nCOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Extraterrestrial</a>s and/or AIs. See also <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwLCgz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CulturalEvent</a>. culture A specialization of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvhZiPpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">Culture_Practice</a> and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvViNqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">AnimalActivity</a> each instance of which is a very extended, multi-performer activity involving social and material modifications by <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rIcwFloGUQdeMlsOWYLFB2w" class="cyc_term">HomoSapiens</a> to their environment. Human cultures are generally considered very important by their participants (see <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rv-JRhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureParticipants</a>). Humans tend to identify themselves largely in relation to the cultures in which they participate. Exactly what sorts of events constitute a human culture is hard to specify (see the instances of <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwKkfiJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">CultureClassificationType</a> for guidance here), but cultures generally can at least be said to involve the following sorts of activities on the part of many of their participants: (1) the expression of certain characteristic beliefs, (2) the following of certain characteristic practices, and (3) the use (and sometimes, production) of certain characteristic artifacts. See <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rvw227ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureBeliefs</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwG5lDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">culturePractices</a>, <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rviIErZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureSpecialPractices</a>, and <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rwHAD65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA" class="cyc_term">cultureArtifacts</a>. HumanCulture human culture wikipediaArticleName (<a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rTv-jk9SPTXa991kk5mAvHg" class="cyc_term">wikipediaArticleName</a> THING NAME) means that in <a href="http://sw.opencyc.org/concept/Mx4rtqXA6OC8QdiWC72DuLJdUw" class="cyc_term">Wikipedia_WebSite</a> THING is described by an article with the title NAME Wikipedia Article Name